Skin Science and Analysis

Knowing your skin type is the very first step in proper skin care. teeatments that work prefectly for one type may be disastrous for  another. We are all born with a specific skin type and there is now way to change it in line with our preferences! However, itis definitely possible to maintain a flowless, healthy and glowing complexion no matter which ski type you have. To achieve this, it is important to know which skin type you belong to.

THE FIVE SKIN TYPES

Your skin falls into one of these five categories normal, oily, dry, sensitive and combination. Each of these has its own unique characteristics that should be factored in before starting sny skin treatment regimen. 

Lets learn more about each type:

NORMAL SKIN

Normal skin feels elastic and looks vibrant and fresh at all times. People with normal skin should consider themselves very lucky indeed. That's because this skin type makes for very few or no breakouts, is not too dry or oily and does not have any marks or blemishes. Normal skin does not feel tight or dry with changes in the weather and have very little or no fine lines. The pores are small and quite invisible which means that a little foundation goes a long way.

 It is mostly children who have normal skin. This skin type is often described as the ideal one since it is possible to keep it glowing and blemish free with relatively little effort even as your age advance. Normal skin ages best and looks glowing and youthful with little maintenance even as you grow older.

To sum up, nomal skin is characterized by these:

• Fine, even texture
• Smooth surface
• Small pores which are barely visible
• Good balance between oil and moisture

Dry Skin

In this eype the proes are very fine. The skin feels tight and dry immediately after cleansing and may even be sensitive for some people. This is because the skin has a lack of sebum (oil). The skin is also more likely to feel flaky and to take on an unhealthy appearance because of dead cell buildup. Regular moisturizing, exfoliationg and cleansing are a vital part of daily skin care for dry skin.

Dry skin may not cause too many problems at young age but as you grow older, this skin type is likely to show the effect of aging much more prominently than others. Most problems with dry skin occur when the weather is cold. Special care is essential during winter months to avoid flaky skin and rashes.

To sum up, dry skin is characterized by these:

• Very fine pores 
• Dry and dehydrated with parched apearance; may even be sensitive.
• Needs regular moisturizing to stay hydrated and supple

Oily Skin

 Oily skin has enlarged pores (think of the skin of an orange) and is prone to developing ance and other skin problems. The over production of oil by the sebaceous glands causes the skin proes to become blocked easily leading to spots as well as other skin blemishes. Oily skin looks greasy especially in certain areas of the face (the T zone). The good news is that the effects of ageing are not very evidently on oily skin. This kind of skin usually looks shiny and sometimes has a dull appearance.

To sum up, oily ski is characterized by these:

• Enlarged pores that may be quite visible
• Looks greasy and shiny especially in the T zone
• Appears dull
• Needs frequent cleansing to keep away skin problems

Combination skin

 Skincare experts believe that this is the most common skin type. Patches of dry and oily skin characterize this skin type. The cheeks and the area surrounding the eyes remain dry and oil free. The T zone, (forehead, nose and chin) is oily and greasy. This skin may also have expression lines. The challenge with this skin type is that the oily and dry parts need different kinds of treatment and care. 

To sum up, combination skin is characterized by these:

• Large pores especially on nose area
• Some parts are greasy while others are dry
• Needs moisturizing for dry parts as well as cleansing to remove excess oil
• Dry parts feel tight after washing while oily parts become shiny/greasy soon after wash 

SENSITIVE SKIN

This skin type usually is thin, has a fine texture and feels tight and dry. Special care is essential for people with this skin type since it gets irritated and inflamed very easily. Red patches, itchines, tingling and spots are common problems with sensitive skin. This fragile skin type should only be exposed to skincare product that are selected with great care.

People with sensitive skin have fine proees and the skin itself is delicate. Even moderate exposure to sum may cause this skin type to break out in blotches or develop rashes. This kind of skin is perhaps the most difficult to care for and keep in blemish-free, glowing condition. But you can keep it flawless with proper care and the use of specially designed products for sensitive skin.

To sum up, sensitive skin is characterized by these:

• Thin texture that makes skin appear almost translucent
• Fine pores
• Wrinkles prematurely 
• Feels tight after washing
• May react tstrongly to change in cosmetics/hair care product 
• Blushes, sunburns and itches easily

DOES SKIN TYPE DIFFER BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN?

Men have a higher level of collagen and their skin is about 20% thicker when compared with women. Males usually have tougher skin which is also more prone to oiliness. The pores are larger and more exposed and visible. When compared with women, the blood supoply to the skin is also greater in men. The fact that men sweat easier should also be taken into account as an important difference between men and women's skin type.

HOW TO TEST WHAT SKIN TYPE YOU HAVE

Determining your skin type is not a eomples affair at all. One of the simplest ways in which you can identify your skin type is to wipe your face with a clean tissue as soon as you wake in the morning. Here is what people with different skin types will find with this test:

Normal Skin

The tissue is oil free and your skin as eleastic and supple as ever.

Dry Skin 

The tissue is oil free but your facial skin feels dry and tight.

Oily Skin 

The tissue has oily spots and your face looks oily especially the nose and forehead areas.

Combination Skin

The tissue has oil traces when you wipe your nose, forehead or chin but is clean when you wipe your cheeks.

Sensitive Skin

Those who have this skin type do not usually need the issue-test to figure this out. That's because sensitive skin reacts poorly to several things- harsh sunlight, dehydration, many creams/ shampoos/cosmetics, even the weather.

What is pH-Balance 

pH is an abbreviation for Potential Hydrogen. The pH number ranges from 0 to 14 and it measures how alkaline or acidic a liquid is. Anything below 7 Acid and anything above 7 is Alkaline. Water has the same amount of acids and alkalis which gives it a pH level of 7.

pH levels is skin cleansers do make a difference. Your skin has a pH level of about 5.5. The outer layer is acidic which helps to keep bacteria out and keeps the skin moisturized. You should use a cleanser which has the same or slightly higher pH level as your skin. This will help to maintain the outer protective layer. If you choose to use soap as a cleanser, which is to alkaline, then it will dissolve the acid in your skin and it will lead to dryness.

A skin cleanser, with a pH level slightly higher than 5.5, will remove the oil and dirt from the skin. Soap has a pH level between 9 and 12. This is too high if you want to keep your skin moisturized. On the other hand, cleansers should also not have a pH level which is too low because then it won't remove the dirt.

Therefore, look for cleansers that are soap-free with balanced pH levels.

Privacy Policy

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Daily and Weekly Skin Care Routine

Caring for your skin is not an optional item on your daily list of things to do. The way you look plays a very crucial role in shaping the way you feel about yourself. when your skin is fresh and glowing with good health, you feel confident and self-assured. Proper skin care gives you great looking skin which works wonders for your self-esteem!

Daily skin care routine

No matter what your skin type, having a regular cleansing regimen every day is critical for good skin helath. most skin experts advise that excessive cleaning should also be avoided at all costs. Washing your skin twice day with a good facial cleanser that is designed for your skin type helps keep acne and other skin infections under control.

Cleansing gets rid of left over makeup and cosmetics that will end up clogging your pores. It also removes any sweat and environmental impurities from the surface of the skin. Many cleansers also type. Do not use regular soap to wash your face. Regular soap is high alkaline which will dry out your skin. Some also contain perfume which removes the normal protective sebum layer from your skin. This tends to make your skin loses its normal moisture and in some cases may even stimulate an oily skin to produce more oil.

Toning your skin is the second step in your daily skin care regimen. Toner gets rid of any excess cleanser that is still on your skin, its refreshes the skin and even out its pH levels. It also enhances cell renewal and refines the texture of your skin. Use a toner that gives your skin the vitamins and minerals it needs and you will see your skin revitalized in no time at all. The toner should be applied right after teh cleansing (twice a day) and be left on.

Protecting your skin from sun rays is another daily skin care routine that you should adopt. Sun blocks are available for all skin types. Select one that suits yours and use it diligently whenever you need to go out.

Moisturizing your and keeping it well hydrated is an important step to follow. It helps the skin to maintain its normal moisture blance, puts lost moisture back into your skin and it also helps create the prefect base for your foundation. Many people with oily skin believe that moisturizing is unnecessary for the. But this may not really be ture. Allowing your skin to get excessively dry may actually worsen your oily skin problems and cause acne or red patches. Drink plenty of water each day to clear out the toxins from your skin and to keep it supple and elastic all day long.

Another daily skin care tip is to pay attention to the products that you use on your skin each day and note how your skin feels or reacts afterwards. This helps you identify the cosmetics, creams and moisturizers that suit your skin best and have the least harmful impact. The same attention needs to be paid to the hair care products you use since theses may also have an effect on your skin, especially if you have sensitive skin.

Weekly Skin Care Routine- Exfoliation

To support your daily skincare routine, it is also important for you to take some extra care over the weekend to get your skin ready for the week ahead. Although some experts recommend exfoliation as a daily routine, I recommend that you do it once or twice a week. This is quite sufficient for good skin health.

What is Exfoliation?

Exfoliation is the process of removing old, dead skin cells that remain on the outermost surface of your skin. This is an important part of facial skin care and body treatment. Exfoliation, when done correctly, leaves your skin looking and feeling fresh and smooth. Since the outer lyer of dead cells is removed by this process, creams, serums and moisturizers penetrate the skin better and have better effect when appliled after exfoliation.

When to Exfoliate?

it is not necessary to carry out exfoliation every day. This necessary only when there is enough build-up of dead cells over the skin surface to be detrimental to overall skin health /appearance. To know when to exfoliate, here is a simple test you can use. Apply a piece of clear tape to your forehead and rub gently. When you remove it and you see tiny pieces of flaky skin adhering to it, you need to exfoliate.

Exfoliation becomes even more important as you become older. As part of normal body processes, the skin renews cells at the lower layer or dermis. These rise to the surface (epidermis), keratinizing as they advance. These keratin-filled cells form a protective outermost layer of skin. In time, the slough off and allow new cells to take their place and the cycle goes on.

However, as we age (near age of 40 and above), the process of cell regeneration and replacement slows down dramatically. As a result of uneven sloughing off and replacement with new cells, the skin loses its glow and becomes rough. Exfoliation is very essential in such conditions to remove the dead cells that remain on the epidermis so that new cells can take their place.

Exfoliation is a very effective solution to many skin problems, especially those arising from or aggravated by closed proes. Checking peridically if this process is necessary and doing it as soon as the right signs appear helps keep your skin in great condition.

How to Exfoliate?

There are four ways in which you can exfoliate the dead skin cells: Granular, Cream, Enzyme and Chemical.

Granular exfoliation is best to use on young teenage skins with no acne. Usually fine peach pits are in the exfoliation and this helps remove any dead skin cells. Use a wet sponge to remove the scrub from your face.

Cream exfoliation is best to use on mature skins (women between 40-50 years). It looks like cream and is applied in a thin lyer and left to dry. No steam is used during this. Once it's dry, you can rub it off with dry finger.

Enzyme exfoliation is usually used with a steamer and it workes well on older skin types and acne skins. It is also a cream that you apply. the steamer then activates the enzymes to work on your skin. Remove it with sponges.

Chemical exfoliation is used to remove any spots, blemishes and acne scars from the face. Both enzyme and chemical exfoliation are done at spas, skin care studios or at medical skin care centers where experienced professionals oversee the process.

Microdermabrasion is also a commonly used facial exfoliation method. There are options here as well and you can choose between crystal microdermabrasion and diamond microdermabrasion. However, this is a far more aggressive treatment involving the use of special machinery.

Weekly Skin Care Routine-Facial Mask Treatments

Another weekly skin care process you should adopt is the use of facial masks. You may be using masks when you need to prepare your skin for a special event or when it seems very dull and lifeless. But making this a part your weekly regimen ensures that it gets donw week after week.

Why is Facial Mask Treatment Necessary?

Facial masks give your skin suppleness, hydration and elasticity. Masks (especially clay based ones)

Absorb excess oil from your skin and deep cleanse the pores. For those who suffer from severe acne, masks with salicylic acid are very effective as it also revitalizes the skin.

Most faial masks diminish the fine lines that appear on the face with age. Alpha hydroxyl acids in teh mask speed up cell renewal to have this effect. This also results in smoother skin texture. Regular use of facial masks also makes your skin firmer and even out the skin tone. This prepares your skin well for prefect makeup application.

Regular use of the right kinds of facial masks helps combat several common skin problems including rosacea, oiliness, acne and dry skin. However, if you suffer from severe skin problems, you should choose your facial mask with care so that its ingredients do not sprak off irritation or rashes. 

Yse your facial mask right after a through cleansing and exfoliation. The proes are unclogged by the cleansing and exfoliation. The beneficial ingredients in the facial mask can penetrate the skin far better at this time so that they have maximum impact.

Thefollowing items will be used:

• Glass bowl
• Makeup remover
• Ear buds
• Cleanser
• Exfoliator
• Mask
• Toner
• Sun block 
• Eye cream
• Moisturizer

Now let's start with the practical...

Step 1:

Take two cotton wools and apply makeup remover onto the. Use them wipe off the makeup from both eyes.

Step 2:

Take another cotton wool and wipe your client's lips to remover her lipstick.

Step 3: 

Use wet ear buds to remove any leftover mascara that might still be on your client's eyes.

Step 4:

Take a cleanser, appropriate to the skin type that your clilent has and apply a generous amount of cleanser on the plam of your hand. Wipe both hands together so that the cleanser can spread evenly over your hands. This ensures an easy application over the face area.

Begin by applying the cleanser on the chin and work in circles upwards towards the top of her mouth. Use both ring fingers and middle fingers to preform the circles.

Spread the cleanser, in circular movements, from the top of her mouth onto her nose.

Make circles over her nose and move upwards between her eyebrows, making circles around both eyes.

Moving onto your client's forehead; take both ring fingers and middle fingers and do storking movements from her eyebrows towards her hairline.

Take your ring fingers and middle fingers sideways to her temples and do circular movements.

Working from your client's temples, make circular movements firstly underneath her eyes and move back to her temples. Also go over cheekbones and then again almost her jaw line.

Take both hands and "wipe" around your client's jaw line, ending it off at her decollete area.

Step 5:

Take your sponges and remove the cleanser form her face.

Step 6:

Take the exfoliator and squeeze a generous amount onto your hands. This is applied in the same manner as your cleanse. (This step is part of the weekly skin care routine).

Step 7:

Wet your sponges and remove the exfoliator from your client's face.

Step 8:

Take your mask, one that is best for your client's skin type, and apply it with a mask brush or with clean hands. Clay masks should not be applied over the eye or mouth area, whereas mud masks can be applied over them. (This is also part of the weekly skin care routine).

Leave the mask on for 10-20 minutes, according to the type of mask you are using.

Step 9:

Wet your facial sponges and begin to remove the mask from the chin area and work upwards. Repeat this step until the mask is removed.

Step 10: 

Take your toner and apply a generous amount onto two round cotton wools. Use both hands to apply the toner all over her face.

Although the toner should be left on, the access can be removed with a tissue.

Step 11: 

Select a sun block that suits your client's skin and apply it over her face. Use this diligently whenever you need to go out.

Step 12: 

Squeeze a samall amount of eye cream onto both your ring fingers. Wipe both fingers over each other just to spread the eye cream. "Push" this on around her eyes so that you do not stretch the skin in this delicate area.

Step 13:

The last step to your daily skin care routine is Moisturizer. Take your moisturizer and squeeze out about 1,5 - 2cm of cream. Finally, rub your hands together and gently press the moisturizer all over the face.